December 2014

CCD v. CMOS

Film and television are, perhaps, two of the few places where C.P. Snow’s ‘Two Cultures’ actually do communicate. An extraordinary amount of science and technology is required to produce these defining art forms of the 20th Century.
Imaging sensors use a variation of the photoelectric effect he described and here, too, there are developing two cultures – those who follow the Charge Coupled Device (or CCD) and those true believers in CMOS.
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When is HD not HD (and 4k not 4k)?

In 1861, the Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell demonstrated the first colour photograph to the Royal Institution.
A 1080 sensor needs to generate 2073600 red, green and blue pixels in the output image (1920 x 1080). However, a 1080 Bayer sensor has only 1036800 green photosites and 518400 red and blue photosites, i.e. half the required number of green and only a quarter the number of red and blue.
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